Problems of the socio-legal status of the peasantry of the Grand Ducty of Lithuania in Ukrainian, Belarusian and Russian historiographies (second half of the 19th – first decades of the 20th century)
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Abstract
Abstract. The purpose of the article: to investigate the development and achievements of Ukrainian, Belarusian and
Russian historiographies of the second half of the 19th – first decades of the 20th century in the field of studying the socio-legal
status of the peasantry of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of the study is the fact that in the outlined perspective it is the first in historiography.
Conclusions. It has been established that the study of the socio-legal status of the peasantry of the Grand Duchy of
Lithuania in Ukrainian, Belarusian and Russian historiographies of the second half of the 19th – the first decades of the 20th
century took place in stages: I (1861–1863) – the beginning of the study; II (1864–1889) – the inert search for a research field;
III (1890–1917) – the implementation of a wide range of research. An important role in the study of the issue was played by
the activities of s cientific historical schools – Kyiv (V. Antonovych, M. Hrushevsky, M. Dovnar-Zapolsky), West Russian law
(F. Leontovych, M. Vladimirsky-Budanov, M. Yasinsky), Moscow (M. Lyubavsky, V. Picheta). Representatives of these schools
have made the most significant contribution to the study of the outlined issues, both in terms of subject matter and thoroughness,
and the number of scientific works.
The following main trends in the study of the socio-legal status of the peasantry of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania were
identified: 1) scientific research was carried out mainly within two directions – historical and historical-legal; 2) in most cases,
researchers resorted to a comprehensive analysis of categories of the rural population within the framework of a separate
work; 3) the legal status of the peasantry was considered by researchers through the prism of various historical contexts (economic development, land tenure, territorial and administrative structure, etc.); 4) the diversity of territorial boundaries of the study (with the predominance of the use of national boundaries, more than a third of the works have an ethno-regional localization, some of which are carried out on the principles of regionalism of the Kyiv historical school of V. Antonovych); 5) usually the chronological boundaries of the study cover the period of independent development of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (until 1569); 6) a significant impact on the productivity and fundamentality of scientific research was exerted by the intensification of individual archival and archeographic activities of researchers.
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References
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