Evhen Chikalenko on the agrarian component of socisal relations in Ukrainian village (1900–1920s.)
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Abstract
Abstract. Purpose of the article: to deepen the understanding of the social status of Ukrainian peasantry, particularly
in Southern Ukraine and partly in the Poltava region, by using the memoirs, diary entries, and epistolary materials of Yevhen
Chykalenko as ideological sources belonging to a prominent representative of the Ukrainian intelligentsia and the national
liberation movement of the twentieth century.
The scientific novelty. The article analyzes original sources that represent Ye. Chykalenko’s views on the ways to resolve
the land issue and contain assessments of agrarian and social relations in Ukrainian village. In addition, the place and role
of the peasantry in the Ukrainian Revolution is comprehensively covered, the land policy of Ukrainian governments is critically
examined, and the consequences of establishing pro-Bolshevik poverty committees and committees of poor peasants in
Ukrainian villages in Yevhen Chykalenko’s vision are critically examined.
Conclusions. The author of the article claims that the motivational component of Ye. Chykalenko’s diary entries, epistolary
writings, and memoirs was conditioned by his involvement, as a representative of Ukrainian intelligentsia, in the liberation
movement in early 1890s, his creating and financing of the all-Ukrainian newspaper «Rada», participation in the activities of
political parties, public organizations, the development of agrarian policy of state bodies and the authorities of the Central
Rada, Ukrainian State and the UPR Directory.
A large body of factual material, which reflect the specifics of land relations in the local dimensions of Southern Ukraine
and, partly, in some villages of the Poltava province has been summarized and comprehensively studied.
Based on the analysis of personal sources, the author of the article argues that in Ukrainian politics of the 1920s, Yevhen
Chykalenko represented a center-right model of building Ukrainian statehood, which was based on land ownership of big and
small producers, traditional values of self-government and peasant (folk) morality and ethics.
Article Details
References
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