@article{Kharlamov_2021, title={Fire prevention in ukrainian villages at the beginning of the becoming of totalitarian regime in USSR (1928-1931)}, url={https://ukr-selianyn-ejournal.cdu.edu.ua/article/view/4447}, DOI={10.31651/2413-8142-2021-26-Kharlamov}, abstractNote={<p>Introduction. It is a well-known fact that fi re prevention is the best way to reduce fi res and casualties<br>among the population. Not in vain that the motto of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine is – «Prevent. Save.<br>Help», where in the fi rst place is the prevention of accidents. During 2020, 101,279 fi res were registered in Ukraine,<br>as a result of which 1,728 people died, and material losses from fi res amounted to 12 billions 606 millions 904<br>thousands uah. That is why turning scientifi c interest to retrospective problems of fi re prevention in Ukrainian<br>villages is relevant and socially signifi cant, because taking into account domestic historical experience, in my<br>opinion, could help improve the current system of preventive fi re prevention in rural areas.<br>Purpose. The purpose of this scientifi c publication is researching the features of fi re prevention in the villages<br>of the Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic at the beginning of the period of becoming of the totalitarian regime in<br>the USSR (1928-1931).<br>Methods. The methodological basis of the article is a combination of general scientifi c methods of cognition<br>with the using of scientifi c and critical analysis of sources. The subject of research determines the application of<br>methods of analysis and synthesis, methods of empirical research, historical-comparative and historical-systemic<br>methods.<br>Results. The author substantiate that the from 1928 to 1931, fi refi ghting in rural areas of Ukraine was<br>handled by district and village bodies of state fi re supervision (SFS). The fi re communities of volunteers also<br>fought with fi res. The fi re communities of volunteers included fi re brigades of volunteers-fi refi ghters. The district<br>bodies of the SFS dealt with the following matters: management, control and care of fi re safety in all organizations<br>(collective farms, state farms), institutions, warehouses, etc., which were located within a particular district. The<br>village bodies of the SFS were accountable to the district administration. Village fi re instructors and fi re chiefs<br>as employees of rural fi re-fi ghting organizations monitored the state of fi re safety in settlements, collective farms,<br>state farms and communes. They supervised the maintenance of fi re stations and rural fi refi ghting equipment. They<br>took care of the condition of the reservoirs for the needs of fi re protection, and the entrances to them. In case of<br>any problems, the employees of the village bodies of the SFS appealed to the village council in order to quickly<br>eliminate the shortcomings.<br>The author study that the state fi re control bodies of the USSR in the late 1920s - in the early 1930s, were<br>created and approved the fi re safety rules for collective farms, state farms, machine-tractor stations, machinetractor workshops, etc. The members of rural fi re brigades and organizations relied on these instructions in the<br>matter of proper preventive maintenance of the state of fi re safety in the villages of the USSR in the historical<br>period, which is investigating.<br>The author substantiate that the any collective farm, state farm in the USSR had to be provided with adequate<br>water supply in accordance with the rules and instructions of industrial construction, approved in 1929. If rural<br>organizations were located near water bodies, regardless of the water supply system, they had to equip a site with<br>fi re barrels and pumps, to which a good paved road was to lead. It was forbidden to clutter up playgrounds and<br>driveways, in winter the peasants had to clear them of snow. This was followed by fi re village elders.<br>Originality. The problems of fi re prevention in Ukrainian villages in this historical period have not been<br>investigated by ukrainian and foreign scientists. Therefore, the scientifi c novelty of this work, according to the<br>author, does not cause objections.<br>Conclusion. Despite certain problems, coordinated activities between district and village bodies of the SFS<br>and offi cials responsible for fi re prevention in collective farms, state farms, machine-tractor stations, machinetractor workshops in the USSR in 1928-1931 led to gradual reduction of the level of «fi re» in Ukrainian villages.<br>Scientifi c research on fi re prevention in Ukrainian villages during the heyday of the totalitarian regime in the<br>USSR, as well as in the postwar period, is promising</p>}, number={26}, journal={Ukrainian Peasant}, author={Kharlamov, Mykhailo I.}, year={2021}, month={Dec.} }